Power and signal transfer system and led design

ABSTRACT

Embodiments relate to a power transfer system having two or more current transformers and induction loop connectors. The two or more current transformers include a primary current transformer, a secondary current transformer, or more current transformers. Power from the primary current transformer is transferred to the secondary current transformer. Further induction loops and current transformers can be added as needed. The secondary current transformer then supplies electric current to a load, or to other current transformers to provide electric current to a load(s). An addressable shorting bypass modulates power transfer to the load(s). The load can be a light source load or LED. The light source load or LED can be encapsulated with a pocket(s) having an agent to improve service life of the load or LED. Some embodiments of the LED can be structured as a unidirectional module configured to limited or prevent bleeding of light in other directions.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments relate to a power transfer system having a primary currenttransformer, a secondary current transformer, and an induction loopconnector connected to the two current transformers. Magnetic energygenerated in the primary current transformer is transferred to thesecondary current transformer via the induction loop connector so thatthe secondary current transformer generates electrical current for aload in connection with the secondary current transformer. The load canbe but is not limited to LEDs, other lighting, switches, sensors, orsignals, with or without feedback, for load applications. Embodiments ofthe LED can include an encapsulating structure configured to provideaccess to a pocket for an oxidant, inert or other gas or substance,higher or lower pressure or vacuum, etc. to improve or enhance servicelife or protection of the LED or load. Some embodiments of the LED caninclude a unidirectional LED module configured to facilitate generationof unidirectional emission of light from the LED so as to limit orprevent bleeding in other directions.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Some situations require use a power transfer system within anenvironment in which electrical sparks and electrical current flow cangenerate a potentially hazardous situation. However, conventional powertransfer systems are limited in this regard because they fail to providea means of a failsafe way to safely and efficiently transfer electricalpower from a power source to a load when operating in such environments.Another deficiency of conventional power systems is the failure toprovide a means to facilitate quick and easy connection anddisconnection of loads. The present invention, however, providestechnical solutions to these problems.

Some LED applications require encapsulation of the LED to protect theLED and to provide desired photonic effects. These LEDs, encapsulatedlights, or loads can be further embedded within a solid matrix assistingwith their survival in hazardous, chemical or waterlogged environments.However, some LEDs (e.g., phosphor LEDs) tend to degrade in quality andservice life when encapsulated. Conventional LED designs fail to providea means to mitigate this degradation in quality and service life. Thepresent invention, however, provides technical solutions to theseproblems.

Some LED applications require emission of light in a specific directionor require emission from the LED to exhibit a specific beam spread suchthat there is limited or no bleeding (e.g., limited or no light emissiondeviating from the desired direction or from the angle of spread).Encapsulated LED designs fail to provide a means to accomplish thisphotonic effect. The present invention, however, provides a technicalsolution to this problem.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments relate to a power transfer system having two or more currenttransformers and an induction loop connector. The two currenttransformer system includes a primary current transformer and asecondary current transformer. The primary current transformer generatespower, which is then transferred via the induction loop connector to thesecondary current transformer. The secondary current transformer thensupplies electric current to a load. More particularly, magnetic energygenerated in the primary current transformer is transferred to thesecondary current transformer via the induction loop connectors so thatthe secondary or more current transformer(s) generates electricalcurrent or a signal to be supplied to the load with or without feedback.Multiple secondary links may be attached to the primary link for furtherdistribution of power. This secondary current transformer connectionsequence may be repeated in certain circumstances to create additionallinks. The electrical loop connection has an addressable shorting bypassto modulate power transfer to one or more secondary current transformersand/or one or more loads in connection with the secondary currenttransformer(s). While exemplary embodiments disclosed herein discuss andillustrate the load as an LED, it is understood that other loads can beused. In addition, the power transfer system can be scaled so as to beapplicable for low power systems, high power systems, or any rangethere-between.

Embodiments relate to a power transfer system having two or more currenttransformers and an induction loop connector. The two currenttransformers system includes a primary current transformer and asecondary current transformer. The primary current transformer generatespower, which is then transferred via the induction loop connector to thesecondary current transformer. The secondary current transformer thensupplies electric current to a load. More particularly, magnetic energygenerated in the primary current transformer is transferred to thesecondary current transformer via the induction loop connectors so thatthe secondary or more current transformer generates electrical currentor a signal to be supplied to the load. The connected induction loopprovides electrical isolation from external events such as locallightning strike. This isolation/protection can prevent dangerous anddamaging voltage spikes from entering the main power system, or frombeing transferred from the main power system to the attached loads.

The power transfer system mitigates the risk of electric spark andelectric current flow via power transfer through the induction loopconnector. In addition, the power transfer system provides connectionlink(s) between the primary current transformer and the secondarycurrent transformer, allowing for quick and easyconnection/disconnection for convenient maintenance or replacement ofsecondary current transformer(s) and/or load(s). The addressableshorting bypass facilitates modulation of power transfer to any one orcombination of the secondary current transformer(s) and/or load(s).

The power transfer system can be used, for example, on a deck or flightdeck of a vessel, wherein the primary current transformer is below thedeck and the secondary current transformer (along with the LED load) isembedded within or on the surface of the deck. The LED load can be usedto provide lighting, communication, signals, etc. to individuals on thedeck and individuals operating aircraft. Another example can be use ofthe power transfer system on the landing strip or tarmac of an airport,where again the primary current transformer is below the tarmac and thesecondary current transformer (along with the LED or other load) isembedded within the surface of the tarmac, which can be configured to becompletely flush with the pavement. Another example can be use of thepower transfer system on a roadway, where again the primary currenttransformer is below the road and the secondary current transformer(along with the LED or other load) is embedded flush within the surfaceof the road. Such examples specifically use LEDs as the load, but it isunderstood that other types of loads can be used. It is also understoodthat the power transfer system is not limited to use on ground or decksurfaces.

Some embodiments of the LED can be encapsulated to provide protection tothe LED lamp, provide proper securement of the LED lamp, provide a lensfor LED lamp, provide a filter for the LED lamp, etc. The encapsulatedLED lamp can be secured to or embedded within a structure (e.g., ahousing, a substrate, a printed circuit board, etc.), and the structurecan include a pocket (e.g., a volume of space configured to contain anagent, substance, fluid, gas, vacuum, etc.). The encapsulation and thestructure can be configured to grant the LED lamp access (e.g., via ahole, slot, conduit, etc.) to the pocket, thereby allowing the LED lampto be exposed to an agent such as an oxidant agent. This configurationcan improve service life of the LED. This can be particularly beneficialfor phosphor LEDs and other LEDs that employ oxidation as a means tofacilitate light emission. With the LED lamp being encapsulated, thereis a limited supply of oxidant agent, thereby degrading quality andservice life of the LED. Yet, the inventive design provides for accessto the agent, oxidant or otherwise in the pocket.

Some embodiments of the LED can be structured as a unidirectional LEDmodule, which may be further configured as surface mounted, flushmounted or even a slightly below the surface mounted, unit. Forinstance, the LED lamp can be secured to or embedded within a structure,wherein the structure can be configured to defilade not only the LEDlamp but also emissions from the LED lamp so as to restrict emissions toa desired direction or a desired spread. With such a design, bleeding ofa LED device having one or more than one unidirectional LED module islimited or non-existent. For instance, a LED device having more than oneunidirectional LED module, such as a red and green module, can be usedto generate red light in one direction and green light in anotherdirection without the red and green light bleeding onto each other orinto each other's direction. Such a system can be flush mounted orslightly below the pavement surface. An exemplary use of such LEDdevices can be on a roadway, bridge, tunnel, wrong way onto a freewayetc. wherein vehicle operators of traffic flowing one way see greenlight (indicating the correct way) and vehicle operators of trafficflowing another way see red light (indicating the wrong way). Anotherexemplary use can be illuminating directional signs during an emergency(e.g., a fire) to direct personnel—i.e., individuals crawling on thefloor of a smoke-filled building, to follow green lights but not redlights. Another exemplary use can be a tilt, pitch, or yaw sensor thatdetects (“sees”) a certain color light based on the angle of incidence.

Embodiments can relate to a power transfer system. The system caninclude a primary loop component having a primary current transformer.The primary current transformer can include a primary inductor core. Thesystem can include a primary power loop routed through or near theprimary inductor core. Electric current passing through the primarypower loop generates magnetic flux in the primary inductor core. Thesystem can include a secondary loop component having a secondary currenttransformer. The secondary current transformer can include a secondaryinductor core and a secondary power loop routed about or around orthrough the primary inductor core and the secondary inductor core.Induced current from the primary core passing through the secondarypower loop generates magnetic flux in the secondary inductor core. Themagnetic flux induced in the secondary inductor core induces a currentin secondary windings of the secondary induction core. The secondarywindings are configured to provide power to an attached load or LED.

Embodiments can relate to a power transfer system. The system caninclude a primary loop component has a primary current transformer. Theprimary current transformer can include a primary inductor core. Thesystem can include a primary power loop routed through or near theprimary inductor core. Electric current passing through the primarypower loop generates magnetic flux in the primary inductor core. Thesystem can include a secondary loop component having a secondary currenttransformer. The secondary current transformer can include a secondaryinductor core and a secondary power loop routed about or around orthrough the secondary inductor core. Magnetic flux passing through thesecondary inductor core generates electrical current in the secondarypower loop. An induction loop connector connecting the primary loopcomponent with the secondary loop component such that magnetic fluxgenerated in the primary inductor core is transferred to the secondaryinductor core. The magnetic flux induced in the secondary inductor coreinduces a current in secondary windings of the secondary induction core.These secondary windings provide power to an attached load or LED.

In some embodiments, the induction loop connector is connected to theprimary inductor core and the secondary inductor core.

In some embodiments, the primary loop component includes a plurality ofprimary current transformers; and/or the secondary loop componentincludes a plurality of secondary current transformers.

In some embodiments, the system include a connection link. The inductionloop connector is connected to the primary inductor core at a firstconnection and is connected to the secondary inductor core at a secondconnection. The connection link is configured to connect to the firstconnection and the second connection such that the connection link andthe induction loop connector form a conduction loop between the primaryloop component and the secondary loop component.

In some embodiments, the induction loop connector and/or the connectionlink is configured to removably attach/detach to/from the firstconnection and/or the second connection.

In some embodiments, the system includes a housing encasing the primarycurrent transformer; and/or a housing encasing the secondary currenttransformer.

In some embodiments, the system includes a control module configured tomodulate power transfer from the primary loop component to the secondaryloop component.

In some embodiments, the control module includes a shorting bypassswitch and/or electronic connectors for passage of signals or controls.

In some embodiments, the secondary loop component is configured totransmit electrical current and signals or controls from the secondarypower loop to a load.

In some embodiments, the system includes the load is a device, or otherload, or any one or combination of a lights, laser, bulb, xenon, or arclamp load; the LED is any one or combination of a chip on board (COB)LED, a surface mounted device (SMD) LED, a dual in-line package (DIP)LED, or an organic LED.

Embodiments can relate to support structure for a LED or light source,or device load, the support structure including: a member configured tohave a lamp or device formed in or on a portion of the member; a pocketformed in or on the member, the pocket configured to contain a gas,fluid, gel, differentiated pressure or vacuum; and a pathway formed inthe member configured to facilitate flow of the gas, fluid, gel, ordifferentiated pressure or vacuum from the pocket to the portion of themember where the LED lamp will be formed in or on.

In some embodiments, the member is a structure of a LED, light sourceload, or device load strip.

In some embodiments, the member is a structure of a LED, light source ordevice load configured as a round or other shaped point source.

In some embodiments, the gas, fluid, gel, differentiated pressureincludes an oxidant agent.

In some embodiments, a gas, fluid, gel, differentiated pressure, orvacuum supply is connected to the pocket.

In some embodiments, the structure includes the LED, the light sourceload, or device load.

In some embodiments, the LED or the light source load includes a lampthat is encapsulated; and/or the device load is encapsulated.

Some embodiments can relate to a unidirectional LED or light source loadmodule, comprising: a defilade structure, the defilade structureincluding a seat having a saddle configured to receive and retain a lampof the LED or light source load; wherein the defilade structure includesa seat first side, a seat second side, eaves, and a platform thatconfine direction and spread of emissions from the lamp.

In some embodiments, the unidirectional LED or light source load moduleincludes the LED or light source load.

In some embodiments, the unidirectional LED or light source load moduleincludes an encapsulation for the lamp.

In some embodiments, the encapsulation includes a profile that allowsthe encapsulation to act as a lens for emissions from the lamp.

It is understood that embodiments of the systems, devices, and methodsof the present disclosure can utilize any one or combination of theaspects disclosed herein. For instance, embodiments of the powertransfer system can be used to supply power to any one or combination ofthe embodiments of the LED devices disclosed herein. As another example,an LED device can include any one or combination of aspects of thepocket, agent, and/or unidirectional LED module disclosed herein. Any ofthe embodiments disclosed herein can have modules configured to bemounted flush with or slightly below the pavement surface.

Some embodiments of the system can utilize the encapsulating materialsas the focusing or directing element without the use of an additionallens system. In this instance, the focusing or directing element isformed by the careful shaping of the encapsulant during themanufacturing process.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other objects, aspects, features, advantages and possibleapplications of the present innovation will be more apparent from thefollowing more particular description thereof, presented in conjunctionwith the following drawings. Like reference numbers used in the drawingsmay identify like components.

FIG. 1 shows an exemplary set up of an embodiment of the power transfersystem.

FIG. 2 shows an exemplary set up of an embodiment of the power transfersystem configured to provide power to a plurality of LED or other loads.

FIG. 3 shows an exemplary LED configuration having an embodiment of apocket.

FIG. 4 shows side views of two exemplary LED strip configurations, eachhaving an embodiment of the pocket for LED lamps.

FIG. 5 shows a top view and a side view of an exemplary unidirectionalLED module.

FIG. 6A shows a side view of an exemplary multi-LED unidirectional LEDmodule configuration together with a focusing encapsulant.

FIG. 6B shows side view of another exemplary unidirectional LED modulewherein eaves provide a defilading structure.

FIG. 7A shows a top view and a side view of an exemplary LED strip witha plurality of unidirectional LED modules, wherein each unidirectionalLED module has an individual pocket.

FIG. 7B shows a top view and a side view of an exemplary LED strip witha plurality of unidirectional LED modules, wherein each unidirectionalLED module shares a single pocket.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The following description is of exemplary embodiments that are presentlycontemplated for carrying out the present invention. This description isnot to be taken in a limiting sense but is made merely for the purposeof describing the general principles and features of various aspects ofthe present invention. The scope of the present invention is not limitedby this description.

Referring to FIG. 1 , an exemplary set up of an embodiment of the powertransfer system 100 is shown. The power transfer system 100 has aprimary current transformer (PCT) 106 and a secondary currenttransformer (SCT) 108. While exemplary embodiments show one PCT 106 andone SCT 108, it is understood that the power transfer system 100 canhave any number of PCTs 106 and SCTs 108 to meet design criteria. Therecan be one PCT 106 for each SCT 108, one PCT 106 for multiple SCTs 108,multiple PCTs 106 for a single SCT 108, etc. Thus, the power transfersystem 100 can include a PCT loop component 102 (having one or more PCTs106) and a SCT loop component 104 (having one or more SCTs 108).

The PCT loop component 102 includes a primary power loop 110 that is astructure (e.g., wire, cable, plate, guide, rail, sheath, etc.)comprised of any electrical conductor material (e.g., copper, aluminum,gold, silver, etc.). The primary power loop 110 a continuous loop thatis routed near or through a primary magnetic inductor core 114. Theprimary magnetic inductor core 114 can comprise of magnetic inductormaterial (e.g., iron, iron alloy, steel, steel alloy, ferrite material,etc.). The primary power loop 110, when subjected to an alternatingvoltage difference from a voltage source 118, facilitates flow ofelectrical current to one or more PCTs 106 (in particular the primarymagnetic inductor core 114 of each PCT 106) of the PCT loop component102. Each PCT 106 within the PCT loop component 102, when suppliedalternating electrical current, generates magnetic flux in its primarymagnetic inductor core 114. The magnetic flux of each primary magneticinductor core 114 is transferred to the SCT loop component 104 via aninduction loop connector 120.

The induction loop connector 120 is a structure (e.g., wire, cable,plate, guide, rail, sheath, etc.) comprised of a magnetic inductormaterial (e.g., iron, iron alloy, steel, steel alloy, ferrite material,etc.). The induction loop connector 120 acts as a transformer core totransfer magnetic energy from the PCT loop component 102 to the SCT loopcomponent 104—i.e., the magnetic flux generated in each primary magneticinductor core 114 is transferred to the induction loop connector 120 andthen further transferred to the SCT loop component 104. This can becontinued with additional loops if required, each passing on theoriginating induction generated power to the next loop.

The SCT loop component 104 includes a secondary magnetic inductor core116. The secondary magnetic inductor core 116 can comprise of magneticinductor material (e.g., iron, iron alloy, steel, steel alloy, ferritematerial, etc.). The induction loop connector 120 is in connection(directly or indirectly) with each primary magnetic inductor core 114 ofthe PCT loop component 102 and each secondary magnetic inductor core 116(directly or indirectly) of the SCT loop component 104 so as tofacilitate transfer of magnetic flux from the PCT loop component 102 tothe SCT loop component 104. Each SCT 108 within the SCT loop component104 includes a secondary power loop 112 that is a structure (e.g., wire,cable, plate, guide, rail, sheath, etc.) comprised of an electricalconductor material (e.g., copper, aluminum, gold, silver, etc.). Thesecondary power loop 112 is wound about the secondary magnetic inductorcore 116. The magnetic flux transferred to each secondary magneticinductor core 116 via the induction loop connector 120 generates currentin the secondary power loop 112 associated therewith. Each SCT 108includes electrical connectors to facilitate transfer of electricalcurrent or signal from its secondary power loop 112 to one or more loads122. For instance, any number of loads 122 can be placed into electricalconnection with any number of SCTs 108 of the SCT loop component 104 toreceive a reactive, electrical current, signal, from the SCT loopcomponent 104. Additional power can be calibrated to achieve the desiredpower or signal level to the next component or components. Exemplaryembodiments show the loads 122 being LEDs, but it is understood that anytype of electrical loads 122 can be used.

Each PCT 106 can be sealed or encased within a housing 124. Each SCT 108can be sealed or encased within a housing 124. The housing 124 can beconfigured to encase the PCT 106/SCT 108 so as to electrically isolateit, thermally insulate it, hermetically seal it, etc. Electrical isolatecan involve preventing any electrical spark or current from exiting thePCT 106/SCT 108— i.e., any electrical current or spark (if generated bythe PCT 106/SCT 108) will be confined within its respective housing 124.The housing 124 can be configured as an electrical insulator, a Faradayshield, etc. The PCT housing 124 can be for the PCT loop component 102(e.g., one housing for all PCTs 106 within the PCT loop component 102),a housing for any one or combination of PCTs 106 (e.g., there can be ahousing for each individual PCT 106, a housing for any one orcombination of PCTs 106, etc.), etc. The SCT housing 124 can be for theSCT loop component 104 (e.g., one housing for all SCTs 108 within theSCT loop component 104), a housing for any one or combination of SCTs108 (e.g., there can be a housing for each individual SCT 108, a housingfor any one or combination of SCTs 108, etc.), etc.

The induction loop connector 120 is a structure that forms a loopbetween the PCT loop component 102 and the SCT loop component 104. Therecan be an induction loop connector 120 forming a loop between each PCT106 and SCT 108 (e.g., each PCT 106— SCT 108 pair has an individualinduction loop connector 120), an induction loop connector 120 betweenone PCT 106 and plural SCTs 108, an induction loop connector 120 betweenone SCT 108 and plural PCTs 106, etc.

The induction loop connector 120 can start at a PCT 106 and be routed toa SCT 108. The induction loop connector 120 can have a connector 126 atits induction loop connector PCT end and a connector 126 at itsinduction loop connector SCT end. These connectors 126 can be configuredas quick-disconnect or quick coupling electrical connectors tofacilitate connection to a connection link 128. The connection link 128can be made of the same material and have a similar configuration asthat of the induction loop connector 120. The connection link 128 canhave a connection link PCT end and a connection link SCT end, each ofthese ends having connectors 126 that complement the connectors 126 ofthe induction loop connector 120. Such a configuration provides quickand convenient connection/disconnection of SCTs 108 and/or STC loopcomponents 104 to/from the system 100. Once in place, the connectionlink 128, in combination with the induction loop connector 120,completes the induction loop between the PCT loop component 102 and theSCT loop component 104. The connectors 126 can facilitate easyreplacement or maintenance of system 100 components or loads 122. Forinstance, a SCT 108 can be connected/disconnected to/from the system 100by connecting/disconnecting the induction loop connector 120 to/from theconnection link 128 at the appropriate connectors 126.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the system 100 has a PCTloop component 102 (with one PCT 106) and a SCT loop component 104 (withone SCT 108). The system 100 can be used anywhere, such as on a deck ofany vessel (e.g., of an aircraft carrier) or a dock. The systemincluding the load, can be configured so as to be completely flush withthe deck (e.g., have flush mounted devices), or can be configured foruse as thin surface mounted devices, etc. due to the connection systembeing below the deck but still completely accessible. The SCT loopcomponent 104 can be configured to connect to LED loads 122 (e.g., itssecondary power loop 112 connects to LED loads 122). The SCT loopcomponent 104 can be embedded within or secured onto the deck of thevessel. For instance, the SCT loop component 104 can be part of orconnected to a LED strip, the LED strip having plural LED lamps as theloads 122. The LED strip can be embedded within, flush mounted with orsecured to the deck surface. The SCT loop component 104 can be locatedwithin the deck or just beneath the surface of the deck. The PCT loopcomponent 102 can be configured to connect to a voltage source 118 (itsprimary power loop 110 connects to the voltage source 118). The PCT loopcomponent 102 can be located beneath the deck of the vessel. Theinduction loop connector 120 can be housed within conduit and routedbetween the PCT loop component 102 and the SCT loop component 104 viathe connectors 126. The connection link 128 is used to complete theinduction loop by connecting to the connectors 126.

The system 100 can include a control module 130. The control module 130can be a processor (circuitry, hardware, software, firmware, etc.) withassociated memory. The processor can be a sequential processor, aparallel processor, combination of processors, etc. The memory can betransitory, non-transitory, volatile, non-volatile, etc. The controlmodule 130 can be in connection with the induction loop connector 120and the connection link 128. For instance, the control module 130 can belocated along a portion of the induction loop connector 120, and theconnection link 128 can include a line 132 extending from a portion ofthe connection link 128 to the control module 130. In the exemplaryembodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the connection link 128 is a T-shapemember, in which the line 132 running from the connection link 128 formsthe tail of the T. The control module 130 includes a shorting bypassswitch 134. The shorting bypass switch 134 serves as an on/off switchfor the system 100 (e.g., during short, the system is off). The shortingbypass switch 134 can be operated at desired frequencies to controlaspects of the load(s) 122. For instance, for loads being LEDs, theoperation of the shorting bypass switch 134 can be done to modulatebrightness, pulse width, data flow, etc. of the LED lamps. Thus,operating the shorting bypass switch 134 via desired frequencies canprovide addressable modulation for the system 100.

The load 122 can be a device, or other load, or any one or combinationof a lights, laser, bulb, xenon, or arc lamp load, etc.

It is understood that any of the loads 122 configured as a light sourceload 122 discussed herein can be configured as point source or othertype. Similarly, any of the LEDs 136 discussed herein can be configuredas point source or other type. In addition, any of the light sourceloads 122 or LEDs 136 can be configured to emit light in any suitablelight spectrum range (e.g., infrared, visible, ultraviolet, etc.). Anyof the light source loads 122 can be a lamp configured as a laser, axenon bulb arc lamp, etc. Any of the LEDs 136 can be a lamp configuredas a chip on board (COB) LED, surface mounted device (SMD) LED, dualin-line package (DIP) LED, organic LED, etc.

FIG. 2 shows an exemplary set up of an embodiment of the power transfersystem 100 to provide power to a plurality of LED loads 122. Thisexemplary set up has four PCT loop components 102. Each SCT loopcomponent 104 is shown to have a plurality of LEDs as the loads 122 forthe system 100.

FIGS. 3-4 show embodiments of an LED 136 having a pocket 141. Someembodiments of the LEDs 136 can be encapsulated 142 to provideprotection to the LED lamp 138, provide proper securement of the LEDlamp 138, provide a lens for LED lamp 138, provide a filter for the LEDlamp 138, etc. The encapsulated LED lamp 138 can be secured to orembedded within a structure 140 (e.g., a housing, a substrate, a printedcircuit board, etc.). The structure 140 can include a pocket 141. Thepocket 141 is a volume of space configured to contain an agent, such asan oxidant, an inert gas or fluid, other gas or fluid, gas or fluidunder high pressure, gas or fluid under low pressure, etc. The pocket141 can also be under vacuum (e.g., empty space) or partial vacuum. Thetype of pocket 141 and whether it is a vacuum, filled or partiallyfilled with gas/fluid, the type of gas/fluid, etc. can be determinedbased on criteria that will enhance or improve the protection and/orlife of the load 122 or LED 136. The pocket 141 can be formed within thestructure 140, adjacent the structure 140, underneath the structure 140,etc. The structure 140, and in some cases the encapsulation 142 as well,can be configured to grant the LED lamp 138 access to the pocket 141,thereby allowing the LED lamp 138 to be exposed to the agent. Forinstance, the structure 140, and in some cases the encapsulation 142,can have a pathway 143 (a hole, slot, conduit, etc.) that leads from theLED lamp 138 to the pocket 141. There can be any number of pathways 143for a given LED 136. There can be any number of pockets 141 for a LED136. Any one or combination of pockets 141 can include an agent, gas,fluid, pressure, vacuum, etc. that is the same as or different from anagent, gas, fluid, pressure, vacuum, etc. of another pocket 141.

Embodiments disclosed herein may describe and illustrate the pocket 141as being located below the PCB 140, it is understood that the locationcan be elsewhere dependent on the specifics of any design.

In exemplary embodiment, the pocket 141 is configured as an oxidantpocket 141 to house or contain an oxidant agent. While the embodimentsdiscussed herein may refer to the pocket 141 as an oxidant pocket 141and the agent as oxidant agent, it is understood that the pocket 141 canbe used to house agents other than oxidants, any type of gas or fluid,be under pressure or partial pressure, or be under vacuum, etc. Thesecan include but are not limited to inert substances/agents/gases/fluids,etc. Accordingly, the pathways 143 can be configured for facilitatingflow of the type of substances/agents/gases/fluids, etc. being used. Inthe exemplary embodiment of an oxidant pocket 141, the oxidant agent canbe an oxidizer that is useful for the operation of the LED 136. Forinstance, if the LED 136 is a phosphor LED, it may be beneficial toinclude air or oxygen as the oxidant agent. One particular phosphor LEDfor which embodiments are contemplated are for blue LEDs that are usedto invoke fluorescence in a phosphor material such that white light isemitted. The fluorescence relies on oxidation. With the LED lamp 138being encapsulated 142, there is a limited supply of oxidant agent,thereby degrading quality and service life of the LED 136. Yet, theinventive design provides for access to an oxidant agent within thepocket 141. While it is contemplated for the oxidant agent to be air oroxygen, other oxidant agents can be used. Oxidant agents can alsoinclude catalysts for oxidants as well. The oxidant agent can be a gas,a liquid, a gel, etc. Whilst a white light LED example is given, thissame technique may be applied to other LED colors that use a phosphor orother material to change the originating LED color or performance, orany another light type which may use material to change its color andneeds an agent to change its performance, such as to prolong its life.

FIG. 3 shows an LED 136 in which the LED lamp 138 is formed in or on astructure 140 and is encapsulated 142. The structure 140 is a planarmember having a structure first surface 144 and a structure secondsurface 146. The LED lamp 138 is formed in or on the structure firstsurface 144. The structure second surface 146 includes a formationextending therefrom that is the pocket 141. The structure 140 includesat least one pathway 143 extending through the structure 140 (e.g.,structure first surface 144 and a structure second surface 146) so as toallow flow of oxidant (gas, fluid, other type of agent, etc.) from thepocket 141 to the LED lamp 138.

The exemplary embodiment shows the pocket 141 as a formation extendingfrom the structure second surface 146 of the structure 140; however, itis understood that the pocket 141 can be a formation extending from thestructure first surface 144, any other surface, be a cavity formationwithin the structure 140, etc.

In some embodiments, the pocket 141 can be coupled to a supply 148(e.g., a reservoir of agent (gas, fluid, oxidant, other type of agent,etc.)) that supplies the pocket 141 with agent. This can be achieved viacouplings and fittings attached to the pocket 141 facilitatingconnection to a line or hose that extends to the supply 148. The pocket141 can be connected to the supply 148 while the LED 136 is in use.Alternatively, the pocket 141 can be provided with the couplings andfittings but not connected to the supply 148 during use—if replenishmentof oxidant agent within the pocket 141 is desired, the supply 148 can beconnected to the pocket 141.

In some embodiments, the pocket 141 can be coupled to a re-supply ofsubstance/agent/gas/fluid, etc. by the inclusion of a valve system orsuitable membrane which will allow substance/agent/gas/fluid, etc. topass but will not allow unsuitable materials such as water, moisture, orother detrimental substances to enter the system.

Referring to FIG. 4 , a LED device 150 can include more than one LED136. For instance, a LED device 150 may be structured as a LED striphaving plural LEDs 136. The top figure of FIG. 4 shows an exemplary LEDdevice 150 configured as an LED strip having plural LEDs 136. Withplural LEDs 136, the structure 140 can have a single pocket 141 for allLEDs 136, an individual pocket 141 for each individual LED 136, a pocket141 for any one or combination of LEDs 136, etc. FIG. 4 shows an LEDdevice 150 in which a plurality of LED lamps 138 is formed in or on astructure 140, wherein each LED lamp 138 is encapsulated 142. Theencapsulated structure can be of any shape, but here, the structure 140is in the form of a strip. The structure 140 can be an elongatedaluminum strip configured to be secured to—for example, a deck, aroadway, etc. The structure 140 is a planar member having a structurefirst surface 144 and a structure second surface 146. Each LED lamp 138is formed in or on the structure first surface 144. The structure secondsurface 146 includes a formation extending therefrom that is the pocket141. For each LED lamp 138, the structure 140 includes at least onepathway 143 extending through the structure 140 (e.g., running from thestructure first surface 144 to the structure second surface 146) so asto allow flow of agent from the pocket 141 to the LED lamp 138. FIG. 4shows a single pocket 141 for each LED lamp 138 of the LED device 150;however, as explained above, other configurations can be used.

As noted above, the structure 140 can include more than one pocket 141for any one or combination of LED lamps 138. The bottom figure of FIG. 4shows an exemplary LED device 150 configured as an LED strip that has aconfiguration that is similar to the top figure of FIG. 4 . With thebottom figure of FIG. 4 , however, the structure 140 includes additionalpockets 141. The additional pockets 141 shown in this figure are on thestructure first surface 144. The structure second surface 146 includes aformation extending therefrom that of a single pocket 141 for all theLED lamps 138, and the structure first surface 144 includes formationsextending therefrom, each formation being a single pocket 141 for anindividual LED lamp 138. The formation on the structure first surface144 can be a dome-like structure. The pathway(s) 143 for each LED lamp138 can extend through the structure 140 to allow flow of-agent from thesingle pocket 141 formed on the structure second surface 146 to an LEDlamp 138 and flow of an agent from the individual pocket 141 to that LEDlamp 138.

Referring to FIG. 5 , some embodiments of the LED 136 can be structuredas a unidirectional LED module 152. For instance, the LED lamp 138 canbe secured to or embedded within a defilade structure 140. The defiladestructure 140 can be configured to defilade not only the LED lamp 138but also emissions from the LED lamp 138 so as to restrict emissions toa desired direction or a desired spread. FIG. 5 shows an exemplaryunidirectional LED module 152 (top figure is a top view and bottomfigure is a side view). The unidirectional LED module 152 has a seat 154configured to receive and retain a LED lamp 138 in a saddle 156 portionof the seat 154. The saddle 156 has a shape that complements the shapeof the LED lamp 138 and receives the LED lamp 138 such that eaves 158 ofthe seat 154 create a defilading structure for the LED lamp 138. Theunidirectional LED module 152 has a platform 160 extending from the seat154. Such light restrictions can be enhanced with additionalsupplementary designed obstructions, to further enhance thedirectionality of the desired light emission. From a side view, theunidirectional LED module 152 is shown to have a check-mark shape, butit can have an L-shape, a hook shape, a chevron shape, etc. The seat 154can be configured to hold the LED lamp 138 at a desired angle relativeto the platform 160. For instance, the seat 154 can hold the LED lamp138 such that a front face 162 of the LED lamp 138 makes a desired angle(a) relative to the platform 160.

Referring to FIGS. 6A and 6B, the seat 154 and platform 160 togetherprovide for a defilading structure that restrict emissions from the LEDlamp to a desired direction or to a desired spread. FIG. 6B shows thesaddle 156 having a shape that complements the shape of the LED lamp 138and receives the LED lamp 138 such that eaves 158 of the seat 154 createa blocking defilading structure for the LED lamp 138 emissions, so thatthe light may be restricted in that direction).

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the unidirectional LED module 152 hasa seat 154 with a seat first side 164 making a right angle with a seatsecond side 166. The seat 154 has a saddle 156 located at a junctionbetween the seat first side 164 and the seat second side 166, the saddle156 being configured to hold the LED lamp 138 at an angle relative tothe seat second side 166. The platform 160 extends from the seat secondside 166. The platform 160 extends from the seat second side at an angle(β). It is contemplated for α to equal β, but it does not have to. FIG.6 shows an embodiment with exemplary dimensions and angles. It isunderstood that other angles and dimensions can be used. Such shapes mayhold additional structures to further extend or change the desiredangularities or even block emissions in a particular direction.

As noted herein, the LED lamp 138 can be encapsulated 142. Theencapsulation 142 can be a material used to cover and/or seal at least aportion of the LED lamp 138. The material used for encapsulation 142 canbe clear or opaque or combination thereof, of an epoxy, polymer, resin,glass, etc. The encapsulation 142 can, not only provide protection(e.g., create a seal, provide shock absorption, etc.) for the LED lamp138, but also be designed to generate a desired phonic effect. Forinstance, the encapsulation 142 can be made of a material and/or beshaped to act as a filter, a lens, etc. FIG. 6 shows the encapsulation142 having a front surface 168 that subtends the front face 162 of theLED lamp 138. For instance, the LED lamp 138 can be secured within thesaddle 156 such that its front face 162 is facing towards the seatsecond side 166 and/or the platform 160. The encapsulation 142 canencapsulate the LED lamp 138 and have a front surface 168 that alsofaces towards the seat second side 166 and/or the platform 160. Thefront surface 168 can have a profile such that it acts as a lens forlight being emitted from the LED lamp 138. The refractive index of thematerial used for the encapsulation 142, the profile of the frontsurface 168, any optical design added to the front surface 168, therefractive index of material adjacent the encapsulation 142 (thematerial in the volume of space above the platform 160, and the defiladestructure 140 can be used to set and maintain a desired angle of lightand spread or blockage of light being emitted from the LED lamp 138. Thematerial adjacent the encapsulation 142 will depend on the environmentthe LED device 150 is used for. For instance, the material can be air,water, or even a vacuum, etc.

FIG. 6 shows an exemplary multi-LED unidirectional LED module 152configuration. In this configuration, a first unidirectional LED module152 and a second unidirectional LED module 152 are combined (byattachment, by molding or forming a unitary piece, etc.) at their seatfirst sides 164. FIG. 6 shows a first LED lamp 138 facing one directionand a second LED lamp 138 having an opposite direction; however, it isunderstood that the LED lamps 138 of the multi-LED unidirectional LEDmodule 152 can be facing in different directions from each other but notnecessarily at opposing angles relative to each other. It is alsounderstood that the multi-LED unidirectional LED module 152 can have anynumber of unidirectional LED modules 152. It is also understood that acombination of unidirectional LED modules 152 can be arranged such thatits LED lamp 138 emits light that is or is not in the same geometricplane as another unidirectional LED module 152—i.e., one unidirectionalLED module 152 of the multi-LED unidirectional LED module 152 may havean angle α1 and an angle β1, whereas another unidirectional LED module152 of the multi-LED unidirectional LED module 152 may have an angle α2and an angle β2. α1 may or may not equal α2; β1 may or may not equal β2.It is also understood that the dimensions of one unidirectional LEDmodule 152 of the multi-LED unidirectional LED module 152 may be thesame or differ from those of another one unidirectional LED module 152of the multi-LED unidirectional LED module 152.

Referring to FIG. 7 , a LED device 150 can include more than one or typeof unidirectional LED module 152. FIG. 7A shows a top view and a sideview of an exemplary LED strip 150 with a plurality of unidirectionalLED modules 152. In this exemplary embodiment, each unidirectional LEDmodule 152 has an individual pocket 141. FIG. 7B shows a top view and aside view of an exemplary LED strip 150 with a plurality ofunidirectional LED modules 152. In this embodiment, each unidirectionalLED module 152 shares a single pocket 141. It is understood that otherconfigurations can be used—e.g., any one or combination ofunidirectional LED modules 152 can have one or more individual pockets141, any one or combination of unidirectional LED modules 152 can shareone or more individual pockets 141, etc.

The top figures of FIGS. 7A and 7B show top views of exemplary LEDdevices 150 configured as LED strips and the bottom figures of FIGS. 7Aand 7B show side views of the same. Each of FIGS. 7A and 7B shows a LEDdevice 150 in which a plurality of unidirectional LED modules 152 isformed in or on a structure 140 that, in this case, is in the form of astrip, it is understood however, that such structures can be formed inany desired shape. For example, the structure 140 can be an elongatedaluminum strip configured to be secured to, in, or on, or flush with adeck, or a roadway, etc. In the exemplary embodiments shown, each striphas six unidirectional LED modules 152 arranged in a series. Each of afirst, a second, and a third unidirectional LED module 152 is arrangedto face in a first direction along the strip. Each of a fourth, a fifth,and a sixth unidirectional LED module 152 is arranged to face in asecond direction along the strip. In this configuration, the firstdirection is opposite that of the second direction. It is understoodthat other configurations, directions, angles, LED patterns, etc. can beused.

As noted herein, any of the embodiments can be used in combination withother embodiments. As a non-limiting example, the LED device 150 ofFIGS. 7A and 7B can include aspects of pocket(s) 141, pathway(s) 143,power transfer system(s) 100, etc. of the embodiments discussed herein.

It is the intent to cover all such modifications and alternativeembodiments as may come within the true scope of this invention, whichis to be given the full breadth thereof. Additionally, the disclosure ofa range of values is a disclosure of every numerical value within thatrange, including the end points. Thus, while certain exemplaryembodiments of the device and methods of making and using the same havebeen discussed and illustrated herein, it is to be distinctly understoodthat the invention is not limited thereto but may be otherwise variouslyembodied and practiced within the scope of the following claims.

1. A power transfer system, comprising: a primary loop component havinga primary current transformer, the primary current transformercomprising: a primary inductor core; a primary power loop routed throughor near the primary inductor core; and wherein electric current passingthrough the primary power loop generates magnetic flux in the primaryinductor core; a secondary loop component having a secondary currenttransformer, the secondary current transformer comprising: a secondaryinductor core; a secondary power loop routed about or around or throughthe primary inductor core and the secondary inductor core; whereininduced current from the primary core passing through the secondarypower loop generates magnetic flux in the secondary inductor core;wherein the magnetic flux induced in the secondary inductor core inducesa current in secondary windings of the secondary induction core; whereinthe secondary windings are configured to provide power to an attachedload or LED.
 2. A power transfer system, comprising: a primary loopcomponent has a primary current transformer, the primary currenttransformer comprising: a primary inductor core; a primary power looprouted through or near the primary inductor core; and wherein electriccurrent passing through the primary power loop generates magnetic fluxin the primary inductor core; a secondary loop component having asecondary current transformer, the secondary current transformercomprising: a secondary inductor core; a secondary power loop routedabout or around or through the secondary inductor core; wherein magneticflux passing through the secondary inductor core generates electricalcurrent in the secondary power loop; an induction loop connectorconnecting the primary loop component with the secondary loop componentsuch that magnetic flux generated in the primary inductor core istransferred to the secondary inductor core; wherein the magnetic fluxinduced in the secondary inductor core induces a current in secondarywindings of the secondary induction core; wherein these secondarywindings provide power to an attached load or LED.
 3. The power transfersystem of claim 2, wherein: the induction loop connector is connected tothe primary inductor core and the secondary inductor core.
 4. The powertransfer system of claim 2, wherein: the primary loop component includesa plurality of primary current transformers; and/or the secondary loopcomponent includes a plurality of secondary current transformers.
 5. Thepower transfer system of claim 2, further comprising: a connection link;wherein the induction loop connector is connected to the primaryinductor core at a first connection and is connected to the secondaryinductor core at a second connection; and wherein the connection link isconfigured to connect to the first connection and the second connectionsuch that the connection link and the induction loop connector form aconduction loop between the primary loop component and the secondaryloop component.
 6. The power transfer system of claim 5, wherein: theinduction loop connector and/or the connection link is configured toremovably attach/detach to/from the first connection and/or the secondconnection.
 7. The power transfer system of claim 2, further comprising:a housing encasing the primary current transformer; and/or a housingencasing the secondary current transformer.
 8. The power transfer systemof claim 2, further comprising: a control module configured to modulatepower transfer from the primary loop component to the secondary loopcomponent.
 9. The power transfer system of claim 8, wherein: the controlmodule includes a shorting bypass switch and/or electronic connectorsfor passage of signals or controls.
 10. The power transfer system ofclaim 2, wherein: the secondary loop component is configured to transmitelectrical current and signals or controls from the secondary power loopto a load.
 11. The power transfer system of claim 10, wherein: the loadis a device, or other load, or any one or combination of a lights,laser, bulb, xenon, or arc lamp load; and the LED is any one orcombination of a chip on board (COB) LED, a surface mounted device (SMD)LED, a dual in-line package (DIP) LED, or an organic LED.
 12. A supportstructure for a LED or light source, or device load, comprising: amember configured to have a lamp or device formed in or on a portion ofthe member; a pocket formed in or on the member, the pocket configuredto contain a gas, fluid, gel, differentiated pressure or vacuum; and apathway formed in the member configured to facilitate flow of the gas,fluid, gel, or differentiated pressure or vacuum from the pocket to theportion of the member where the LED lamp will be formed in or on. 13.The support structure of claim 12, wherein: the member is a structure ofa LED, light source load, or device load strip.
 14. The supportstructure of claim 12, wherein: the member is a structure of a LED,light source or device load configured as a round or other shaped pointsource.
 15. The support structure of claim 12, wherein: the gas, fluid,gel, differentiated pressure includes an oxidant agent.
 16. The supportstructure of claim 12, further comprising: a gas, fluid, gel,differentiated pressure, or vacuum supply is connected to the pocket.17. The support structure of claim 12, further comprising: the LED, thelight source load, or device load.
 18. The support structure of claim17, wherein: the LED or the light source load includes a lamp that isencapsulated; and/or the device load is encapsulated.
 19. Aunidirectional LED or light source load module, comprising: a defiladestructure, the defilade structure including a seat having a saddleconfigured to receive and retain a lamp of the LED or light source load;wherein the defilade structure includes a seat first side, a seat secondside, eaves, and a platform that confine direction and spread ofemissions from the lamp.
 20. The unidirectional LED or light source loadmodule of claim 18, further comprising: the LED or light source load.21. The unidirectional LED or light source load module of claim 19,further comprising: an encapsulation for the lamp.
 22. Theunidirectional LED or light source load module of claim 20, wherein: theencapsulation includes a profile that allows the encapsulation to act asa lens for emissions from the lamp.